While a ribeye includes both the longissimus and spinalis muscles, what is the common name for the longissimus dorsi alone when it is cut from the short loin?

Strip steak

The strip steak comes from the longissimus dorsi muscle, which does very little work, making the meat particularly tender. It is often called a 'New York Strip' because it was popularized by Delmonico's restaurant in Manhattan during the mid-1800s. When this cut is left on the bone alongside the tenderloin, it forms one half of the iconic T-bone steak.