Which spice typically gives yellow curry powder its characteristic color?

Turmeric

Turmeric contains a bright yellow chemical called curcumin, which has been used for centuries as both a culinary spice and a fabric dye. This vibrant root is a member of the ginger family and is responsible for the deep golden hue found in most commercial curry blends. A helpful way to remember its impact is that turmeric is often referred to as "Indian Saffron" due to its intense coloring properties.