Which British economist, author of the 1936 book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, advocated increased government spending during economic downturns to stimulate demand?

John Maynard Keynes

John Maynard Keynes revolutionized economic thought during the Great Depression by arguing that markets do not always self-correct and require government intervention. His theories led to the development of macroeconomics and influenced the fiscal policies of most Western nations for decades. A memorable aspect of his legacy is the concept of the 'multiplier effect,' which suggests that every dollar of government spending can result in more than a dollar of economic growth.