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What is the space complexity of a graph represented as an adjacency list with V vertices and E edges?

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Θ(V + E)

Adjacency lists are more space-efficient than adjacency matrices (which use Θ(V²) space) for sparse graphs, as they only store the edges that actually exist.

Also asked as:
  • For a graph with V vertices and E edges, what is the Big Theta space complexity when using an adjacency list representation?

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